The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, an updated and comprehensive assessment of the global burden attributable to SSBs remains scarce. Here we estimated SSB-attributable T2D and CVD burdens across 184 countries in 1990 and 2020 globally, regionally and nationally, incorporating data from the Global Dietary Database, jointly stratified by age, sex, educational attainment and urbanicity. In 2020, 2.2 million (95% uncertainty interval 2.0–2.3) new T2D cases and 1.2 million (95% uncertainty interval 1.1–1.3) new CVD cases were attributable to SSBs worldwide, representing 9.8% and 3.1%, respectively, of all incident cases. Globally, proportional SSB-attributable burdens were higher among men versus women, younger versus older adults, higher- versus lower-educated adults, and adults in urban versus rural areas. By world region, the highest SSB-attributable percentage burdens were in Latin America and the Caribbean (T2D: 24.4%; CVD: 11.3%) and sub-Saharan Africa (T2D: 21.5%; CVD: 10.5%). From 1990 to 2020, the largest proportional increases in SSB-attributable incident T2D and CVD cases were in sub-Saharan Africa (+8.8% and +4.4%, respectively). Our study highlights the countries and subpopulations most affected by cardiometabolic disease associated with SSB consumption, assisting in shaping effective policies and interventions to reduce these burdens globally. Estimates from the Global Dietary Database indicated that 2.2 million new type 2 diabetes and 1.2 million new cardiovascular disease cases were attributable to sugar-sweetened beverages worldwide in 2020, with the highest burdens in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean.

About Habit-Maker

Have you found it difficult to build new habits? Habit-Maker uses rewards and encouragements to help get over initial willpower required to form new habits.

Features

Rewards

Habit-Maker game-ifies making habits by giving you rewards each time you check a habit. It shows the following progress metrics:

• Streaks - The # of days you've completed your habit in a row.
• Points - points for checking habits, with multipliers for continuing your streak.
• % progress to your 66-day-ingrained habit.

Encouragements

Studies have found that encouragements are vital to building new habits. Habit-Maker takes advantage of this by allowing you to create your own custom encouragements.

Before creating a habit, take a few minutes and think about why you want to build this habit. What benefits will it bring you, and how your life will improve by doing it?

A good encouragement should have:

• An initial congratulations for completing the habit.
• A message tailored to you, about the benefits or reasons why you should continue.

Some examples of good encouragements:

Completing a habit

Once a habit has been formed, its relatively easy to continue doing it, almost as if it were on auto-pilot. Research shows that ~40% of our daily activities are habits that don't require much (if any) willpower once they've been formed.

Built With

• Android Jetpack Compose
• kizitonwose Calendar
• iSoron/uhabits (For score calculations)

Installation / Releases

• Releases
• IzzyOnDroid
• F-Droid
• Google Play

Support / Donate

Habit-Maker will always remain free, open-source software. We've seen many open-source projects go unmaintained after a few years. Recurring donations have proven to be the only way these projects can stay alive.

Your donations directly support full-time development, and help keep this maintained. If you find yourself using habit-maker every day, consider donating:

• Support me on Liberapay.
• Support me Patreon.

Crypto

• bitcoin: 1Hefs7miXS5ff5Ck5xvmjKjXf5242KzRtK
• ethereum: 0x400c96c96acbC6E7B3B43B1dc1BB446540a88A01
• monero: 41taVyY6e1xApqKyMVDRVxJ76sPkfZhALLTjRvVKpaAh2pBd4wv9RgYj1tSPrx8wc6iE1uWUfjtQdTmTy2FGMeChGVKPQuV

Social / Contact

• lemmy.ml/c/habitmaker
• Mastodon
• Matrix chat

Habit Resources

• James clear - 3 steps habit change
• I got addicted to a habit app.
• Develop good habits
• James clear - how to build a new habit
• CNN habit tips

Icons

Work in progress icons created by Cap Cool - Flaticon