Aside from product reviews, there are two types of articles about electric vehicles:
1. Why they are good
2. Why they are bad
What's missing are the objective articles that actually look at the whole picture and offer a realistic look at the good and the bad.

This problem is not unique to electric vehicles — we seem to have moved into the opinion as opposed to facts and only present one side age. It's not really new. For example, in Gerry Mander's book (as I remember, from the 1970s) "Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television" he talks about a panel discussion about Vegetarianism with presenters from the meat packing industry to a group for the ethical killing of animals.

What has changed is that everything seems to be like that these days. Today you need to be pro-Trump or anti-Trump, pro-Immigration or anti-Immigration, pro-Vaccines or anti-Vaccines, and so on. Well, there is more to each of these subjects than pro or anti. In this article I want to take a real, objective look at electric vehicles. Then you can decide.

Air Pollution
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Both the pro and anti groups weigh in on this one. On both sides, the approach is the same: present the facts that support your side and ignore those that don't.

The following items need to be considered:
* How much is air pollution is produced?
* Where is the air pollution?
* What future steps can be taken to address it?

How much is produced is ignored by the anti-EV crowd but it is an important consideration. Next time you are sitting in a traffic jam in your petroleum-based car, think about pollution. An EV doesn't use energy when it is not moving. And even when you are moving, you are generally getting over 90% of the stored electrical energy converted into motion. With a petroleum-based drivetrain, 20% is more like it.

Another plus for EVs is regenerative braking. When you are slowing down most EVs will use your excess energy to recharge the batteries. You can't do this in a petroleum-based car because you don't have anywhere to store that energy. So, you just use your brakes to convert that energy into heat.

We know that the air pollution created by a petroleum-powered vehicle is where the vehicle is being operated. If that is in the middle of a big city that is not a good thing. It means the people of the city will be exposed to that pollution. If, on the other hand, your are driving an electric vehicle then the pollution will be where the energy was generated. It also means the amount of pollution will be a function of the efficiency of the power generation system and pretty much all systems are more efficient than a car's internal combustion engine.

We also need to consider grid losses — that is, the energy that is wasted by the electric grid mostly because of losses in power lines. Those losses are generally around 5% for locations which are close to generation plants and/or in urban areas and up to 10% for rural locations. These losses amount of less than the efficiency difference between a diesel engine in a car (more efficient than a gas engine) and a large-scale diesel engine power plant.

Finally, we need to look at the possible future. If vehicles don't pollute, are efficient, have a long operational life and run on a self-contained rechargeable power source then we only need to upgrade the recharging source. What that future source is we don't currently know but we won't need to replace the more than one billion vehicles in the world.

Environmental Contamination
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This is usually just presented by the anti groups. Their argument is that the mining of cobalt and, to a lesser extent, lithium which are used in current EV batteries is an environmental disaster. Anti-EV articles usually include a picture of underage boys in Africa working in cobalt mines.

That may be a legitimate down-side with the current EVs but it certainly does not present the whole picture. In particular:
* EV batteries get recycled mostly due to the value of the metals in them.
* Tesla's new battery technology gives you batteries with a life of one million miles.
* Unlike something consumed in the operation of a vehicle (petroleum, for example) batteries are a one-time cost — environmentally as well as economically.

That said, as battery technology progresses, the quantities of rare earth metals continue to be lowered — clearly driven by the costs involved. While the best choice for EV batteries today is one of the various types of lithium ion technology, that doesn't mean there is not a better choice on the horizon.

Operating Costs and Reliability
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The cost of "fuel" is going to vary all over the map because the cost of electricity varies all over the map. Just as an example, electricity in Seattle is around $.10/kWh which is less than half of what it costs in Boston or New York. Based on where you live you need to do your own homework.

One valid point being made by detractors is that if you are not buying petroleum fuel at the pump you are not paying gas taxes which support roads. Valid but you are probably assuming that fuel taxes are only used to support roads. At least with state fuel taxes, this is not the case. While the amount being diverted to other expenses — from police to education — varies from state to state, generally it is significant.

There are many other operating costs of cars. Here, electric cars are always a win over petroleum-based cars. Always.

First, we have routine maintenance. For petroleum-based cars that includes oil changes, filter changes and general engine adjustments — from spark plugs to timing belts. None of that exists for electric cars. Yes, you still need to replace tires but brakes will last almost forever because of regenerative breaking.

At some point the battery will need to be replaced. 100,000 miles used to be the number but new Teslas come with "million mile batteries".

As for reliability, electrics are a big win. It should be obvious: decrease the number of moving parts from hundreds to maybe 10 at most and there is just a lot less stuff to wear out.

Let me add that you see news articles where a self-driving car gets into an accident and that car is almost always a Tesla. That problem has nothing to do with the car being electric — it is just that Tesla seems to be on the leading edge with lots of technology.

Range
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This used to be a serious issue but, these days, ranges of over 200 miles per charge are the norm and some have a significantly longer range. I converted a VW Rabbit to electric about 25 years ago. It had a range of about 70 miles and that was sufficient for almost all my driving.

So, think about your needs. If you are like most people you seldom drive even 50 miles in a day. Seriously, range is really not an issue anymore. For most people, the occasional need for a fast charge on the road is likely going to cost you a lot less time than the time for maintenance on a petroleum car.

Local Grid Capacity
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While this has nothing to do with electric cars themselves, it was suggested that I cover this. The problem is that if "too many" people are charging their electric cars at home the local electric grid may not be capable of supplying all the electricity that is needed.

To put this in perspective, the power transformer on the poll that feeds my house is rated at 50kV which is basically 50 thousand watts. The service in my house is 240V at 100A which is 24 thousand watts. This same transformer supplies about half a dozen houses. Assuming the other houses have the same type of service as my house, that means there could be a demand of 144 thousand watts on this single transformer.

This is a typical situation for the electric grid. The assumption is that not everyone will be using the full capability of their electric service at the same time. For example, you might have a 15 kW water heater but it is unlikely it will be running all the time.

With electric car charging most charging would happen after you get home from work. And the charging could continue for many hours. If your neighbors also have electric cars, they will likely plug them in to charge while yours is charging. If we are only talking one car in 10 households then there is not likely to be a problem but as the density of electric vehicles increases, there is a lot of potential for a problem.

Whether there is a real problem will depend on the electric infrastructure in the area you live. In general, the total demand on the electric grid is not an issue as night consumption (after businesses close) is typically much lower than daytime consumption. But, the local infrastructure for a residential neighborhood may not be prepared for this additional demand.

Summary
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While an electric vehicle is not for everyone it really is for most people. There may be a slightly higher initial investment (for you financially and the impact of materials to make batteries) but that investment quickly gets paid off.

The other big benefit — very low maintenance — is a huge benefit. And, finally, driving something more self-contained means it will be easier for more environmentally sound energy sources to improve the future.

References
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* wecanfigurethisout.org/ENERGY/…
* en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_c…
* mpoweruk.com/energy_efficiency…
* carsguide.com.au/car-advice/ho…
* seattle.gov/city-light/residen…
* reason.org/policy-brief/how-mu…